ABSTRACT
Background: The prevalence of women with type-2 diabetes mellitus in Karnataka is 22.04%. Many people are diagnosed type-2 diabetes in their teens or early 20s. And with advancing age, the risk of getting type-2 diabetes goes up too, especially if you don’t change any of the diabetes risk factors like your weight and physical activity level. Women who get type-2 diabetes are at greater risk than men of cardiovascular disease and blindness. The objective of the study was to study the risk profile amongst diabetic females.Methods: The hospital-based descriptive observational study was carried out in 75 non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) women at Chalmeda Anand Rao Institute of Medical Sciences, Karimnagar from June 2010 to December 2010. Detailed history and anthropometric assessment was done and data analysed with SPSS software.Results: Majority of the diabetic women were from 40-50 years age group i.e. 33 (44%). Mean age was seen as 52±12.4 years. 57 women having sedentary lifestyle (76%). Mean BMI was found to be 24.58±5.27 kg/m2. Waist circumference was 83.42±9.35 cm. Hip circumference was 95.05±9.1 cm and waist/hip ratio was 0.877±0.041.Conclusions: Increasing age, sedentary lifestyle, obesity especially central and obstetric events were found to be important risk factors in our study.
ABSTRACT
Background: It is well known that several factors influence the development of non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) such as genetic, environmental and life style factors. Obesity is the strongest modifiable risk factor for NIDDM. Cigarette smoking and alcohol consumption may also have important roles, either indirectly through their effects on obesity or directly through physiological factors related to insulin secretion or insulin resistance. The objective of the study was to study the risk factors of non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus among the patients attending Chalmeda Anand Rao Institute of Medical Sciences Hospital.Methods: It is a hospital-based case-control study for risk factors in NIDDM. The study was conducted at Chalmeda Anand Rao Institute of Medical Sciences, Karimnagar during the period of June 2010 to May 2011 involving 147 cases and controls each. Data collected and analyzed using SPSS 14 version.Results: 21.59% of the male cases were in the age group of 46-50 years and 20.97% female cases from 56-60 yrs age. 42% cases and 12% controls had history of diabetes mellitus in one parent. 34% cases and 4.67% controls had history of diabetes mellitus in both the parents. Current smokers (odds ratio-4.24, 95% CI 2.02-9.15) and ex-smokers (odds ratio-1.31, 95% CI 0.65-2.68) exhibited an increased risk of NIDDM. Ex-drinking but not current-drinking was statistically significantly associated with the risk of NIDDM. Sedentary work was associated with an increased risk of NIDDM with an odds ratio of 3.90 (95% CI 2.30-6.63).Conclusions: Apart from other risk factors, smoking and alcohol consumption are significant lifestyle risk factors for NIDDM in males.